Dampak Jalan Tol Pekanbaru–Dumai Terhadap Kinerja Sektor Basis Dan Pola Spasial Ekonomi Kota Pelabuhan

Abstrak

The Pekanbaru–Dumai (Permai) Toll Road, a crucial 131.5 km National Strategic Project (PSN) launched in September 2020, significantly boosted regional connectivity by reducing logistics costs and cutting travel time from 4–5 hours to under 2 hours. Despite these efficiencies, a specific quantitative analysis of its post-operation impact on the sectoral economy of Dumai City from 2020–2024 remains limited. This study aims to fill this gap by analyzing the growth trend and quantitatively assessing the significance of improved connectivity on Dumai's leading economic sectors (Processing Industry, Trade, and Transportation) as primary components of the Regional Gross Domestic Product (RGDP). Employing a quantitative approach with a time-series case study design, the research utilized secondary RGDP and operational data up to 2024. Analysis included the Location Quotient (LQ) and econometric models to examine the relationship between connectivity proxies and sectoral real RGDP growth. The results reveal a significant positive correlation: Dumai’s total RGDP increased substantially, and the post-toll average annual growth rate (5.8%) exceeded the pre-toll rate (4.2%). Notably, the share of the Transportation and Warehousing sector rose, and local investment grew by 77.8%. These findings confirm that the toll road successfully leveraged the city’s industrial and logistics base, providing critical input for regional development policy.